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Assisi
ASSISI

CARTOONS

H I S   L I F E  

In 1181, Pietro Bernadone returned from a trip to France to find out his wife Pica had given birth to a son. rot_camera.gif (20973 byte)

Far from being excited or apologetic because he'd been gone, Pietro was furious because she'd had his new son baptized Giovanni after John the Baptist. The last thing Pietro wanted in his son was a man of God ! 

videoreg.gif (4803 byte) He wanted a man of business, a cloth merchant like he was, and he especially wanted a son who would reflect his infatuation with France. So he renamed his son Francesco, which is the equivalent of calling him Frenchman.

Francis enjoyed a very rich easy life and he became the leader of a crowd of young people who spent their nights in wild parties. 

Francis wanted to be a noble, a knight. Battle was the best place to win the glory and prestige he longed for. He got his first chance when Assisi declared war on Perugia. 

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videoreg.gif (4803 byte) Francis was taken prisoner, chained in a dark dungeon and ransomed after a year: he was taken seriously ill. 

Finally he recovered from his illness and a call for knights gave him another chance, but Francis never got farther than Spoleto. There, he had a dream in which God told him to return home.

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Francis' conversion did not happen over night. He started to spend more time in prayer. One day, Francis came face to face with a leper. He jumped down from his horse and kissed the hand of the leper. 

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His search for conversion led him to the ancient church at San Damiano. While he was praying there, he heard Christ on the crucifix speak to him:"Francis, repair my church."

Francis took fabric from his father's shop and sold it to get money to repair that church. Pietro dragged him before the bishop, at San Rufino's church (just beside Clare's home), and demanded that Francis return the money and renounce all rights as his heir. 

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The bishop was very kind to Francis; he told him to return the money and said God would provide. That was all Francis needed to hear.

videoreg.gif (4803 byte) He not only gave back the money but stripped off all his clothes before the crowd that had gathered in front of the church, and said, "Pietro Bernadone is no longer my father. From now on I can say with complete freedom, 'Our Father who art in heaven.'"

He begged for stones and rebuilt the San Damiano church with his own hands, then he repaired the little Porziuncola, which became his dearest church.


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He always loved very much the silence of the "Eremo delle Carceri", on Mount Subasio.

Slowly companions came to Francis: Bernard of Quintavalle,Peter  of Cattaneo, Giles, Philip "the Long" and other people who wanted to follow his example.

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videoreg.gif (4803 byte)The friars' first home was the "Hut of Rivotorto", in the countryside near Assisi.

A famous story involves a wolf that had been eating human beings in Gubbio. Francis talked the wolf into never killing again. The wolf became a pet of the town and he always had plenty to eat.

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videoreg.gif (4803 byte) Between 1209 and 1210, Francis wrote down a brief Rule, then he went with his companions to Rome to see Pope Innocent III, because he wanted his approval. The Pope had a dream that this tiny man in rags held up the tilting Lateran basilica, so he orally approved the Rule and life of the Order of Friars Minor.

In 1211 Clare of Assisi left her noble and rich family to follow Francis' example.

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rot_camera.gif (20973 byte) Her sister Agnese, her mother Ortolana and many other women joined her: the 2nd Franciscan Order was born in San Damiano. 

A Franciscan, contemplative, enclosed order, also known as the "Poor Ladies". The nuns were named "Poor Clares" after Clare's death.

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rot_camera.gif (20973 byte) The "Eremo Le Celle" of Cortona, in region Tuscany, was founded by Francis in 1211, and it was the first Convent founded by him,  

Later, he spent some days in this "Eremo" after having received the "stigmata".

It's possible to visit his cell and his companions' oratory. 
In 1213, the Count Orlando di Chiusi donated the Mount "La Verna" (in region Tuscany) to Francis.


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Francis decided to go to Syria to convert the Moslems while the Fifth Crusade was being fought. In the middle of a battle, he and his companion were captured and taken to the sultan, who was charmed by Francis and his preaching. He told Francis, "I would convert to your religion which is a beautiful one... but both of us would be murdered."
In 1220 he returned to Assisi.  In Fontecolombo, near Rieti, he wrote a new Rule, and Pope Onorius III gave his approval.

Christmas was the favourite feast of Francis and, in 1223, he conceived the idea of celebrating the Nativity by reproducing in a church at Greccio, near Rieti the praesepio of Bethlehem:  he has thus inaugurated the popular devotion of the Crib.

In 1224, on the Mount "La Verna" he received the stigmata, the marks of the nails and the lance wound that Christ suffered, in his own body.

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rot_camera.gif (20973 byte)Years of poverty and wandering had made Francis ill. He began to go blind, and spent some time in San Damiano.

That was when he wrote his beautiful Canticle of the Sun that expresses his brotherhood with creation in praising God.

C L I C K !

Francis never recovered from this illness. On the evening of 3rd October, 1226, he died near the Porziuncola.

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The procession which accompanied his remains from the Porziuncola to the town stopped on the way at San Damiano in order that Clare and her daughters might venerate the sacred stigmata now visible to all.
The saint had, in his humility, expressed a wish to be buried on the Colle d'Inferno, a despised hill where criminals were executed.  His body was placed provisionally in the church of St. George (now within the enclosure of the monastery of St. Clare). Many miracles are recorded to have taken place at his tomb.

Francis was canonized at St. George's by Gregory IX, 16th July, 1228.  His liturgical commemoration is on 4th October.

rot_camera.gif (20973 byte) Gregory IX laid the first stone of the great double church of St. Francis  and  on 25th May, 1230, Francis's remains were secretly transferred by Brother Elias and buried far down under the high altar in the lower church. Here, after lying hidden for six centuries, Francis's coffin was found, 12th December, 1818, as a result of a toilsome search lasting fifty-two nights.

His habit is in a shrine in the lower church.  The crypt  was built in 1824 and totally renovated in 1932.

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The saint's remains are above the altar in the stone box with the iron ties. Four of his early companions are buried in the corners of the room: Leo, Angelo, Masseo, Rufinus.   

Opposite the altar, between the two flights of stairs, notice the remains of Francis' great friend  Jacopa de' Settesoli, in an urn behind a black metal grill.

On 17th January 1978, Paul VI  authorized a delicate work of disinfection and preservation of Francis' body, to prevent any destructive process from damaging his bones.   The urn was closed on 4th March of the same year and protected by a modern safety system.

 

 

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